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- The study by the UVM Public Opinion Center and Profesionistas.org.mx shows that parents are the main source of funding during their undergraduate studies.
According to the National Survey of Graduates 2018, the wage gap between men and women still persists in our country, since among university graduates who receive salaries of more than 15 thousand pesos, 40% are men and only 30% women.
The salary disparity between men and women prevails, as detected during the 2017 National Survey of Graduates. This difference is noted when analyzing the working conditions of the participants in both their first and current jobs, since lower wages are reported and fewer job promotions for women.
The National Survey of Graduates was carried out by the Public Opinion Center of the Universidad del Valle de México and by the portal Profesionistas.org.mx. It was presented this Wednesday at an event headed by the President and CEO of Laureate Mexico and UVM, Luis Durán and by the Founder of Profesionistas.org.mx, Verónica Baz; as well as the Secretary General of FIMPES, Rodrigo Guerra and the President of Mexicanos Primero, David Calderón.
The ENE 2018 managed to obtain data from 12,869 participants, which allows knowing, among other aspects, the evaluation that graduates make of the skills and competences acquired during their professional studies and the usefulness they have in the workplace; as well as how long they took to be employed, under what conditions and salary they did it.
Master Luis Durán Luján, President and CEO of Laureate Mexico and the Universidad del Valle de México, said that to improve, “universities need to stop looking at ourselves and pay attention to what really matters to our students: how long will it take to get their first job, what do they need to know and do to get it, what careers are the best paid, what skills are the most relevant to enter the job market and have an upward trajectory, “he said.
With this information, this study contributes to the competent authorities formulating public policies to align higher education with the economic and social needs of the country; that higher education institutions design an updated academic offer based on market needs and that students can choose their professional studies based on the demand for skills, employability and income.
Regarding the training process, the ENE indicates that 65% of the graduates studied in a public school and 35% in a private institution; the majority (41%) studied careers that are part of the area of study Social sciences, administration and law; followed by the Engineering, Manufacturing and Construction area (21%); then Health (12%), Natural, Exact and Computer Sciences (8%); Education (8%); Arts and humanities (6%); Services (3%) and; Agronomy and veterinary (1%).
The support of parents is the main method of financing university careers and, additionally, we know that three-quarters of the graduates (75%) did manage to complete their degree in the time established for it.
From school to employment
Another of the main objectives of this study is to provide information regarding the first job that graduates had and the subsequent ones, which makes it possible to have data on primary working conditions and how these evolve as they advance in their professional lives.
Thus, we know that 38% started working before starting or during their studies; 62% sought employment once they finished their degree; while 21 years is the average age at which they entered their first job.
Of that 62% who seek employment after graduation, 25% get it in less than a month, 19% in less than a quarter, 22% take between three and six months; 17% from six months to a year and 17% took more than a year to obtain it.
Regarding the paths that favor obtaining this first job, the ENE found that a recommendation through a family member, friend or acquaintance constitutes the main means (31%), followed by social service, professional practices or internships (18%) , job bank or through an advertisement they tie with (15%). The ENE also lets us know that 66 percent manage to work in an activity related to what they studied.
Regarding the aspects that hinder this step, nearly half of the respondents (42%) report the lack of experience as an obstacle, 25% the lack of vacancies in a job related to their study area and 17% low wages or low or no benefits. Finding that lack of experience is so important, we can affirm that professional practices are a key factor for job placement.
Wages and working conditions
The ENE results show the labor panorama of the more than 12 thousand graduates who participated, finding that only 16% of those who studied in a public institution and 14% in a private school, are not currently employed. 47% of graduates from public schools and 49% from private individuals, work in the private sector; 27% from public schools and 20% from private individuals, are employed in the private sector.
The average salary received in the first job by the majority of graduates (47% women and 45% men), is in a range of $ 3,000 to $ 8,000, while the second highest percentage (21% women and 25% men) earned an income of between $ 8,000 and $ 15,000; only 5% of women and 7% of men earned wages greater than $ 15,000 at their first job.
It is important to mention that the panorama changes when asked about their current salaries in relation to those of the first job; finding that the percentage of those who receive a salary greater than $ 15,000 pesos, reaches 34%.
Among the ENE participants, 88% are totally satisfied or satisfied with their current job and 12% totally dissatisfied or dissatisfied with it.
The best-paid careers are: Finance, banking and insurance, with an average of $ 18,882; Medicine with 16,296; Economics with 15,521 and Industrial Engineering and Systems Engineering with an average salary of 15,380.
